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The Sackur–Tetrode equation is an expression for the entropy of a monatomic classical ideal gas which incorporates quantum considerations which give a more detailed description of its regime of validity. The Sackur–Tetrode equation is named for Hugo Martin Tetrode〔H. Tetrode (1912) "Die chemische Konstante der Gase und das elementare Wirkungsquantum" (The chemical constant of gases and the elementary quantum of action), ''Annalen der Physik'' 38: 434 - 442. See also: H. Tetrode (1912) ("Berichtigung zu meiner Arbeit: "Die chemische Konstante der Gase und das elementare Wirkungsquantum" " ) (Correction to my work: "The chemical constant of gases and the elementary quantum of action"), ''Annalen der Physik'' 39: 255 - 256.〕 (1895–1931) and Otto Sackur〔Sackur published his findings in the following series of papers: # O. Sackur (1911) "Die Anwendung der kinetischen Theorie der Gase auf chemische Probleme" (The application of the kinetic theory of gases to chemical problems), ''Annalen der Physik'', 36: 958 - 980. # O. Sackur, "Die Bedeutung des elementaren Wirkungsquantums für die Gastheorie und die Berechnung der chemischen Konstanten" (The significance of the elementary quantum of action to gas theory and the calculation of the chemical constant), ''Festschrift W. Nernst zu seinem 25jährigen Doktorjubiläum gewidmet von seinen Schülern'' (Halle an der Salle, Germany: Wilhelm Knapp, 1912), pages 405 - 423. # O. Sackur (1913) "Die universelle Bedeutung des sog. elementaren Wirkungsquantums" (The universal significance of the so-called elementary quantum of action), ''Annalen der Physik'' 40: 67 - 86.〕 (1880–1914), who developed it independently as a solution of Boltzmann's gas statistics and entropy equations, at about the same time in 1912. ==Formula== The Sackur–Tetrode equation is written: : where ''V'' is the volume of the gas, ''N'' is the number of particles in the gas, ''U'' is the internal energy of the gas, ''k'' is Boltzmann's constant, ''m'' is the mass of a gas particle, ''h'' is Planck's constant and ln() is the natural logarithm. See Gibbs paradox for a derivation of the Sackur–Tetrode equation. See also the ideal gas article for the constraints placed upon the entropy of an ideal gas by thermodynamics alone. The Sackur–Tetrode equation can also be conveniently expressed in terms of the thermal wavelength . : Note that the assumption was made that the gas is in the classical regime, and is described by Maxwell–Boltzmann statistics (with "correct Boltzmann counting"). From the definition of the thermal wavelength, this means the Sackur–Tetrode equation is only valid for : and in fact, the entropy predicted by the Sackur–Tetrode equation approaches negative infinity as the temperature approaches zero. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sackur–Tetrode equation」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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